排序方式： 共有4条查询结果，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1
1.
Quantitatively evaluating the effects of adjusting cropping systems on the utilization efficiency of climatic resources under climate change is an important task for assessing food security in China. To understand these effects, we used daily climate variables obtained from the regional climate model RegCM3 from 1981 to 2100 under the A1B scenario and crop observations from 53 agro-meteorological experimental stations from 1981 to 2010 in Northeast China. Three one-grade zones of cropping systems were divided by heat, water, topography and crop-type, including the semi-arid areas of the northeast and northwest (III), the one crop area of warm–cool plants in semi-humid plain or hilly regions of the northeast (IV), and the two crop area in irrigated farmland in the Huanghuaihai Plain (VI). An agro-ecological zone model was used to calculate climatic potential productivities. The effects of adjusting cropping systems on climate resource utilization in Northeast China under the A1B scenario were assessed. The results indicated that from 1981 to 2100 in the III, IV and VI areas, the planting boundaries of different cropping systems in Northeast China obviously shifted toward the north and the east based on comprehensively considering the heat and precipitation resources. However, due to high temperature stress, the climatic potential productivity of spring maize was reduced in the future. Therefore, adjusting the cropping system is an effective way to improve the climatic potential productivity and climate resource utilization. Replacing the one crop in one year model (spring maize) by the two crops in one year model (winter wheat and summer maize) significantly increased the total climatic potential productivity and average utilization efficiencies. During the periods of 2011–2040, 2041–2070 and 2071–2100, the average total climatic potential productivities of winter wheat and summer maize increased by 9.36%, 11.88% and 12.13% compared to that of spring maize, respectively. Additionally, compared with spring maize, the average utilization efficiencies of thermal resources of winter wheat and summer maize dramatically increased by 9.2%, 12.1% and 12.0%, respectively. The increases in the average utilization efficiencies of precipitation resources of winter wheat and summer maize were 1.78 kg hm−2 mm−1, 2.07 kg hm−2 mm−1 and 1.92 kg hm−2 mm−1 during 2011–2040, 2041–2070 and 2071–2100, respectively. Our findings highlight that adjusting cropping systems can dominantly contribute to utilization efficiency increases of agricultural climatic resources in Northeast China in the future. 相似文献
2.
基于重庆市气象局业务运行的风暴尺度快速同化和预报系统（Storm-Scale Rapid Assimilation and Forecast System,SSRAFS）、气象信息综合分析处理系统（Meteorological Information Comprehensive Analysis And Process System,MICAPS）地面观测和高空观测资料,进行模式输出统计（Model Output Statistics,MOS）方法和纳入超前实况因子的MOS （MOS with Prior Observation Predictors,OMOS）方法对重庆地区地面气温96 h内逐小时预报试验,并以SSRAFS地面气温预报结果作为参考进行对比分析。结果表明：MOS方法在1~96 h预报时效内的预报技巧高于SSRAFS,气温预报均方根误差（Root Mean Square Error,RMSE）平均减小1.22℃,CC和HR2分别平均增大0.006和20.4%;在1~7 h预报时效,RMSE平均减小1.70℃,CC和HR2分别平均增大0.07和34.5%;且MOS方法在重庆东北部及中南部地区改进效果较为明显。OMOS方法在气温短期预报中表现优于MOS方法,尤其在1~7 h预报时效,比MOS方法RMSE平均减小0.43℃,CC和HR2分别平均增大0.008和8.3%;其在1~4 h预报时效时表现更加优异,与MOS方法相比,RMSE平均减小0.66℃,CC和HR2分别平均增大0.13和12.3%。因此,在MOS的基础上,OMOS能够进一步提升地面气温的预报技巧,且在重庆东北部及中南部地区的预报效果有明显改进。 相似文献
3.
Wang Yuan Niu Shengjie Lu Chunsong Lv Jingjing Zhang Jing Zhang Hongwei Zhang Sirui Shao Naifu Sun Wei Jin Yuchen Song Qinghai 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,64(11):1982-1995
Science China Earth Sciences - We conducted a three-month field experiment focusing on the physical and chemical characteristics of fog in a tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China,... 相似文献
4.
利用ECMWF提供的ERA5再分析资料(分辨率0.25°×0.25°)和黄河流域加密的气象水文实况资料,分析了降水集中期的气象水文特征。结果表明:平均中纬度低槽、南亚高压和阻塞高压偏强,副热带高压位置偏西、偏北,且异常偏强是造成2020年8月黄河中游持续性强降水的主要环流背景;水汽输送较常年同期偏多,来自东海和孟加拉湾的东南和西南暖湿气流沿副热带高压边缘不断输送到黄河中游地区,并和中纬度低槽携带的冷空气在此交汇形成持续性的强降水。水文特征分析表明,导致潼关水文站出现3次洪水的较大面雨量,主要来源于潼关以上的8个子流域;2020年8月的洪水超过2011年9月的,为潼关站近20 a来的最大的洪水过程;5号和6号洪水连续超过编号标准的时长,为120 h和44 h,最大流量达6 300 m3·s-1;流量开始增加的时间落后降水开始的时间12 h~3 d,峰值落后降水结束的时间12 h~4 d;黄河支流水文站的流量峰值与水文站所在子流域降水范围、量级呈正相关,流入潼关站的流量从大到小依次为龙门站、华县站、状头站和河津站。历史对比表明,2020年8月黄河中游累积面雨量为近30 a来最大,北部6个子流域面雨量表现更为极端,降水持续时间更长。 相似文献
1